Джавахарлал Неру цитаты
Джавахарлал Неру
Дата рождения: 14. Ноябрь 1889
Дата смерти: 27. Май 1964
Джавахарла́л Не́ру — индийский государственный и политический деятель. Один из самых видных политических деятелей мира, был лидером левого крыла индийского национально-освободительного движения. Под наставничеством Махатмы Ганди стал председателем Индийского национального конгресса, а в дальнейшем, после обретения страной независимости 15 августа 1947 года, — первым премьер-министром Индии. Оставался на этом посту вплоть до 27 мая 1964 года, когда умер от сердечного приступа. Отец Индиры Ганди и дед Раджива Ганди, которые были третьим и седьмым премьер-министрами Индии соответственно.
Вступив в должность премьер-министра, во внешней политике Неру занял нейтральную позицию, подразумевающую независимость Индии как от западного, так и от восточного блоков. Ввиду этого он вместе с Гамалом Абдель Насером и Иосипом Брозом Тито принял участие в трёхсторонних консультациях, предшествовавших созданию Движения неприсоединения, объединяющего страны с экономикой, значительно отличающейся от либерального капитализма и советского этатизма. Однако впоследствии он признал, что нейтральная позиция по отношению к международному коммунизму, проводящему агрессивную экспансионистскую политику, была малоэффективна. Нападение Китая на Индию заставило его сблизиться со странами НАТО и отказаться от нейтралитета.
Во внутренней политике Неру был активным сторонником дирижизма, признавая при этом частную инициативу как основной функциональный двигатель для гармоничного экономического и социального развития.
Цитаты Джавахарлал Неру
„I want to go rapidly towards my objective. But fundamentally even the results of action do not worry me so much. Action itself, so long as I am convinced that it is right action, gives me satisfaction.“
Statement of 1951, in Selected Works of Jawaharlal Nehru Vol. 5 (1987), p. 321
Контексте: I want to go rapidly towards my objective. But fundamentally even the results of action do not worry me so much. Action itself, so long as I am convinced that it is right action, gives me satisfaction. In my general outlook on life I am a socialist and it is a socialist order that I should like to see established in India and the world.
„We live in a wonderful world that is full of beauty, charm and adventure. There is no end to the adventures that we can have if only we seek them with our eyes open.“
As quoted in Building A Life Of Value : Timeless Wisdom to Inspire and Empower Us (2005) by Jason A. Merchey, p. 74
„Wars are fought to gain a certain objective.“
Interview by James Cameron, in Picture Post (28 October 1950)
Контексте: Wars are fought to gain a certain objective. War itself is not the objective; victory is not the objective; you fight to remove the obstruction that comes in the way of your objective. If you let victory become the end in itself then you've gone astray and forgotten what you were originally fighting about.
„To be in good moral condition requires at least as much training as to be in good physical condition.“
Autobiography (1936; 1949; 1958)
Контексте: To be in good moral condition requires at least as much training as to be in good physical condition. But that certainly does not mean asceticism or self-mortification. Nor do I appreciate in the least the idealization of the "simple peasant life." I have almost a horror of it, and instead of submitting to it myself I want to drag out even the peasantry from it, not to urbanization, but to the spread of urban cultural facilities to rural areas.
„We have achieved political freedom but our revolution is not yet complete and is still in progress, for political freedom without the assurance of the right to live and to pursue happiness, which economic progress alone can bring, can never satisfy a people.“
Speech to the US Congress (13 October 1949)
Контексте: We have achieved political freedom but our revolution is not yet complete and is still in progress, for political freedom without the assurance of the right to live and to pursue happiness, which economic progress alone can bring, can never satisfy a people. Therefore, our immediate task is to raise the living standards of our people, to remove all that comes in the way of the economic growth of the nation. We have tackled the major problem of India, as it is today the major problem of Asia, the agrarian problem. Much that was feudal in our system of land tenure is being changed so that the fruits of cultivation should go to the tiller of the soil and that he may be secure in the possession of the land he cultivates. In a country of which agriculture is still the principal industry, this reform is essential not only for the well-being and contentment of the individual but also for the stability of society. One of the main causes of social instability in many parts of the world, more especially in Asia, is agrarian discontent due to the continuance of systems of land tenure which are completely out of place in the modem world. Another — and one which is also true of the greater part of Asia and Africa — is the low standard of living of the masses.
