Артур Стэнли Эддингтон цитаты
страница 2

А́ртур Стэ́нли Э́ддингтон — английский астрофизик.

✵ 28. Декабрь 1882 – 22. Ноябрь 1944   •   Другие имена Sir Arthur Eddington, Sir Arthur Stanley Eddington
Артур Стэнли Эддингтон фото
Артур Стэнли Эддингтон: 108   цитат 0   Нравится

Артур Стэнли Эддингтон знаменитые цитаты

„Ничего нет более простого, чем звезда.“

цит. по Иосиф Самуилович Шкловский И. С. Шкловский. Звёзды: их рождение и смерть

„…Современный переворот научной мысли следует, как естественный результат великих революций прежних эпох в истории науки. Специальная теория относительности Эйнштейна, которая разъясняет неопределенность сети пространства и времени, венчает дело Коперника, впервые заставившего нас отказаться от нашей привязанности к геоцентрическому взгляду на природу; общая теория относительности Эйнштейна, которая вскрывает кривизну или не-Евклидову геометрию пространства и времени, развивает дальше зачаточные мысли некоторых астрономов прежних времен, впервые усмотревших возможность того, что их существование покоится на чем-то не плоском. Эти прежние революции являются еще и теперь для нас в детстве источником недоумений, которые мы скоро переростаем; и наступит время, когда изумительные открытия Эйнштейна подобным же образом станут общим местом для образованного человека.“

...The present revolution of scientific thought follows in natural sequence on the great revolutions at earlier epochs in the history of science. Einstein's special theory of relativity, which explains the indeterminateness of the frame of space and time, crowns the work of Copernicus who first led us to give up our insistence on a geocentric outlook on nature; Einstein's general theory of relativity, which reveals the curvature or non-Euclidean geometry of space and time, carries forward the rudimentary thought of those earlier astronomers who first contemplated the possibility that their existence lay on something which was not flat. These earlier revolutions are still a source of perplexity in childhood, which we soon outgrow; and a time will come when Einstein's amazing revelations have likewise sunk into the commonplaces of educated thought.
«Теория относительности и ее влияние на научную мысль»

„При земных температурах материя обладает сложными свойствами, которые, вероятно, окажутся наиболее сложными для раскрытия; но разумно надеяться, что в недалёком будущем мы сможем понять такую простую вещь как звезда.“

At terrestrial temperatures matter has complex properties which are likely to prove most difficult to unravel; but it is reasonable to hope that in the not too distant future we shall be competent to understand so simple a thing as a star.

парафраз окончания: Ничего нет более простого, чем звезда.

Source: Шкловский И. С. Звёзды: их рождение, жизнь и смерть. — М.: Наука, 1975.

«Внутреннее строение звёзд» (The Internal Constitution of Stars), 1926

Артур Стэнли Эддингтон: Цитаты на английском языке

“The scientific answer is relevant so far as concerns the sense-impressions… For the rest the human spirit must turn to the unseen world to which it itself belongs.”

Science and the Unseen World (1929)
Контексте: The scientific answer is relevant so far as concerns the sense-impressions... For the rest the human spirit must turn to the unseen world to which it itself belongs.<!--IV, p.43

“Symbolically it is the end, but looking behind the symbolism it is the beginning.”

Science and the Unseen World (1929)
Контексте: Our story of evolution ended with a stirring in the brain-organ of the latest of Nature's experiments; but that stirring of consciousness transmutes the whole story and gives meaning to its symbolism. Symbolically it is the end, but looking behind the symbolism it is the beginning.<!--III, p.38

“The idealistic tinge in my conception of the physical world arose out of mathematical researches on the relativity theory. In so far as I had any earlier philosophical views, they were of an entirely different complexion.”

The Nature of the Physical World (1928)
Контексте: The idealistic tinge in my conception of the physical world arose out of mathematical researches on the relativity theory. In so far as I had any earlier philosophical views, they were of an entirely different complexion.
From the beginning I have been doubtful whether it was desirable for a scientist to venture so far into extra-scientific territory. The primary justification for such an expedition is that it may afford a better view of his own scientific domain.

Preface http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Extras/Eddington_Gifford.html

“Clearly a statement cannot be tested by observation unless it is an assertion about the results of observation. Every item of physical knowledge must therefore be an assertion of what has been or would be the result of carrying out a specified observational procedure.”

The Philosophy of Physical Science (1938)
Контексте: For the truth of the conclusions of physical science, observation is the supreme Court of Appeal. It does not follow that every item which we confidently accept as physical knowledge has actually been certified by the Court; our confidence is that it would be certified by the Court if it were submitted. But it does follow that every item of physical knowledge is of a form which might be submitted to the Court. It must be such that we can specify (although it may be impracticable to carry out) an observational procedure which would decide whether it is true or not. Clearly a statement cannot be tested by observation unless it is an assertion about the results of observation. Every item of physical knowledge must therefore be an assertion of what has been or would be the result of carrying out a specified observational procedure. <!-- p. 9

“It is the reciprocity of these appearances—that each party should think the other has contracted—that is so difficult to realise.”

Space, Time and Gravitation (1920)
Контексте: It is the reciprocity of these appearances—that each party should think the other has contracted—that is so difficult to realise. Here is a paradox beyond even the imagination of Dean Swift. Gulliver regarded the Lilliputians as a race of dwarfs; and the Lilliputians regarded Gulliver as a giant. That is natural. If the Lilliputians had appeared dwarfs to Gulliver, and Gulliver had appeared a dwarf to the Lilliputians—but no! that is too absurd for fiction, and is an idea only to be found in the sober pages of science.... It is not only in space but in time that these strange variations occur. If we observed the aviator carefully we should infer that he was unusually slow in his movements; and events in the conveyance moving with him would be similarly retarded—as though time had forgotten to go on. His cigar lasts twice as long as one of ours.... But here again reciprocity comes in, because in the aviator's opinion it is we who are travelling at 161,000 miles a second past him; and when he has made all allowances, he finds that it is we who are sluggish. Our cigar lasts twice as long as his.<!--pp.23-24

“The external world of physics has thus become a world of shadows. In removing our illusions we have removed the substance, for indeed we have seen that substance is one of the greatest of our illusions.”

Introduction
The Nature of the Physical World (1928)
Контексте: In physics we have outgrown archer and apple-pie definitions of the fundamental symbols. To a request to explain what an electron really is supposed to be we can only answer, "It is part of the A B C of physics".
The external world of physics has thus become a world of shadows. In removing our illusions we have removed the substance, for indeed we have seen that substance is one of the greatest of our illusions. Later perhaps we may inquire whether in our zeal to cut out all that is unreal we may not have used the knife too ruthlessly. Perhaps, indeed, reality is a child which cannot survive without its nurse illusion. But if so, that is of little concern to the scientist, who has good and sufficient reasons for pursuing his investigations in the world of shadows and is content to leave to the philosopher the determination of its exact status in regard to reality. In the world of physics we watch a shadowgraph performance of the drama of familiar life. The shadow of my elbow rests on the shadow table as the shadow ink flows over the shadow paper. It is all symbolic, and as a symbol the physicist leaves it. Then comes the alchemist Mind who transmutes the symbols. The sparsely spread nuclei of electric force become a tangible solid; their restless agitation becomes the warmth of summer; the octave of aethereal vibrations becomes a gorgeous rainbow. Nor does the alchemy stop here. In the transmuted world new significances arise which are scarcely to be traced in the world of symbols; so that it becomes a world of beauty and purpose — and, alas, suffering and evil.
The frank realisation that physical science is concerned with a world of shadows is one of the most significant of recent advances.

“I may attempt is to dispel the feeling that in using”

Science and the Unseen World (1929)
Контексте: What I may attempt is to dispel the feeling that in using the eye of the body or the eye of the soul, and incorporating what is thereby revealed in our conception of reality, we are doing something irrational and disobeying the leading of truth which as scientists we are pledged to serve.<!--IV, p.49

“He arrives at two generalisations: No sea-creature is less than two inches long. (2) All sea-creatures have gills. These are both true of his catch, and he assumes tentatively that they will remain true however often he repeats it.”

The Philosophy of Physical Science (1938)
Контексте: Let us suppose that an ichthyologist is exploring the life of the ocean. He casts a net into the water and brings up a fishy assortment. Surveying his catch, he proceeds in the usual manner of a scientist to systematise what it reveals. He arrives at two generalisations: No sea-creature is less than two inches long. (2) All sea-creatures have gills. These are both true of his catch, and he assumes tentatively that they will remain true however often he repeats it.
In applying this analogy, the catch stands for the body of knowledge which constitutes physical science, and the net for the sensory and intellectual equipment which we use in obtaining it. The casting of the net corresponds to observation; for knowledge which has not been or could not be obtained by observation is not admitted into physical science.
An onlooker may object that the first generalisation is wrong. "There are plenty of sea-creatures under two inches long, only your net is not adapted to catch them." The icthyologist dismisses this objection contemptuously. "Anything uncatchable by my net is ipso facto outside the scope of icthyological knowledge. In short, what my net can't catch isn't fish." Or — to translate the analogy — "If you are not simply guessing, you are claiming a knowledge of the physical universe discovered in some other way than by the methods of physical science, and admittedly unverifiable by such methods. You are a metaphysician. Bah!"

“Physics has in the main contented itself with studying the abridged edition of the book of nature.”

"A Generalization of Weyl's Theory of the Electromagnetic and Gravitational Fields" in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A99 (1921), p. 108

“It is also a good rule not to put overmuch confidence in the observational results that are put forward until they are confirmed by theory.”

As quoted in "Annals of Science II-DNA" by Horace Freeland Judson in The New Yorker (4 December 1978), p. 132

Подобные авторы

Артур Конан Дойл фото
Артур Конан Дойл 37
английский писатель
Карл Саган фото
Карл Саган 24
американский астроном, астрофизик и популяризатор науки
Артур Чарльз Кларк фото
Артур Чарльз Кларк 28
английский писатель, учёный, футуролог и изобретатель
Артур Миллер фото
Артур Миллер 11
американский драматург и прозаик
Терри Пратчетт фото
Терри Пратчетт 46
английский писатель
Алан Александр Милн фото
Алан Александр Милн 48
английский писатель
Ричард Олдингтон фото
Ричард Олдингтон 20
английский поэт, прозаик, критик
Джером Клапка Джером фото
Джером Клапка Джером 26
английский писатель-юморист, драматург
Олдос Хаксли фото
Олдос Хаксли 78
английский писатель
Редьярд Киплинг фото
Редьярд Киплинг 28
английский писатель из колониальной Индии